Window



Aug. 7, 1943. P. L ADAMS 2,326,743

WINDOW Filed Oct. 18 1941 Patented Aug. 17, 1943 NITE-D anemia i vv1NnoW Paul L. Adams, Dubuqne, Iowa, assignor to Carr, I a

Ada-ms & Collier Company, Dubuque, ,Iowa; a I corporation of Iowa Application octttet 18,1941, Shanna-sister Y .ioi iitil c1-. ;2t 5s The present invention relates to certain improvements in the construction of a window made from interconnected stiles and topand"bttor n V rails. Such a window may take the form-of'a sash or acasernent. For convenience, the ensuing description will refer to the window as a sash.

- The improvements with which I and here con cerned relate primarily to the joint that is'provided between the connected rails and stiles.

The joint in 1 questionwill be shown'and 'dc scribed in connection with the bottom rail 5 For its objects my invention aims to provide asturdy construction (1)- in' which the cross pins, driven at the joinm, are adequately prote'cted; (2) which can be produced with one less operation (with attendant economyl th'a'n is customary with'the standard mortise-and teno n joint; and (3) which: permits, before assembly, of attachment of a weather strip -to the'bottom rail thereby making possible the shipment of the sash in knock-down condition with the weather strip pre-attached when the rails and stiles are to be assembled.

These and other objects, as will hereinafter appear, may be realized from a construction embodying my invention as illustrated in the ac-. companyingdrawlng, wherein- .Figure 1 is a view in elevation of the exterior face of a window sash embo'dying'my invention;

Figs. 2 and 3 are enlarged detailsin vertical sections taken, respectively, on lines 2-2 and 33 of Fig. 1; Q

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary detail in elevation of the lower end of a stile, looking toward the face thereof which confronts the rails with which it is associated;

Fig. 5 is anelevational view bottom rail; a

Fig. 6, which is a view in side elevation of one end portion of a bottom rail, shows in section the socket that is extended therein between the bases of the tenons; and

Fig. 7 is a View in perspective showing the lower end of one stile and one end of the bottom rail in the. positions that they occupy when assembly is about to tak place.

of one end of the The sash herein shown is conventional to the extent that it comprises the usual four elements, v1z., a pair of stiles S interconnected at opposite ends by top and bottom rails B inright angular relation thereto. Thestiles and rail may be formed with any desired sticking so as to provide a shoulder l4 against whichmay be seated a pane i5 of glass or the like to be retained in the production of a window sash as 'hereinbefore j described. In practise, the bottomrail maybe formed initially with asinglewide' teno at e 1 jecting end therefor '(seeFig. 7); 7 Y pair of stiles, each formed witha 'rnortise separ'at'edirom a "slot which opens along the place as by a moulding is, putty, or 'rotherappropriate means; g Through the bottom 'ciated bottom railf ltbove this slot; which is open along the'botto-rn is a-web 2l-whichsepa rates theslot iroma mortise22 parallelthereto;

The web provides a'wall of substantial 'width ex-I tending between the slot. and norti'sel In-praca tise, the shoulder section 14 remaining onfthe web is'jleft undisturbed where it appear aspe -probottom, adapted for interconnection with-the bottom rail? S from each end cf which-'is ex 7 1 tended a lower tenon 25 and an upper tenon '26 separated from each other by a dist'an'ce whichis equal tothe spacing between the'stile slotand mortise. The lower tenon 25 is'of a Susana shape so as to exactlyfit within the stile slot'20,"

the other tenon being similarly formedto fit within the stile mortise 2 2, and both tenons desirably extending-throughto terminate flush with the remote face of the stile. When completely interfittedfthe rail end will abut the stile, the web I then occupying a position between the two tenons to extend partly between the base portions the of as will shortly ,,be-pointed out.

The bottom side of'the lower rail is shown as having a ratchet profile inthat it comprises an inclined surface 36 extending inwardly and slightly upwardly/from its outside face to 'terminate adjacent "a depending shoulder 3: from V the base of which is upwardlyinclined a second surface 32 adapted to rest upon a sill 33 (see Fig. 3) when the sash isfitted within a window' opening; Within the space between this sill and the bottom slanting surface Si! is received a weather strip 3%, preferably. of resilient mate, rial, shown as having one edge upwardly turned:

support afiorded thereto for between its opposite ends. 7 I

fit is possible to achieve certain economies in Bury/ Fr es ta "of es-ta tes is slot .20, extending'li'n aplane parallel'to-the' assoend; this is then divided lengthwise into two tenon by a boring operation wherein is used a bit whose diameter is equal to the vertical dimension of the web 2!. This bit is advanced into the bottom .rail slightly beyond the base of the divided tenons, forming therebetween a socket 31 taken place with the rail end abutting the stile,

the shoulder will be closely fitted within the socket to engage with opposite walls thereof whereby to provide an enhanced resistance-'to;

relative movement between the rail and stile. The rail end may also be plowed as at 38 along one side of its-two tenons at each end'to accommodate the sticking on the stiles. Except for the usual sticking, tenoning and mortising operations, severance of the initial wide tenonby an advancing bit, is the only extra operation required. On-

the. other hand, it is unnecessaryto relish the a rail, or to plow back the shoulder. on the stile to a depth equal to the. depth. of the-usualstud which is left onthe tenonafter: relishing- In other words, the production ofa. mortise and tenon joint, as ordinarily practised, requires two extra operations beyond the usualtenoning, sticking', and mortis-ing, whereas. the manufacture of the present joint requires only one extra operation, viz., the boringlengthwise through the.

initial wide tenon toproduce two separated tenons for complementary interfitting with the mortise w and slot of the stile;

. When the; sash elements have been assembled they may be locked: inplace as by pins 40; and

4| .apair of which is. driventransversely through thesash in'each corner, one passing through eachv of the twotenons and into the stile body. therebeyond (see Fig. 3). Because each railend is I formed. with two tenons in spaced-apart relation, these pins are, in consequence, well separated from each other. This is desirable because :th shearing radius is thereby reduced considerably over what would obtain if a single tenon be used.

a In practise, it has been found that a window sash produced in accordance with this invention is advantageous in the several'respects that have already been noted. It ofiers'definite economies in manufacture; it is stronger than the conventional types of sash; and it provides for the initial, but final, installation of a weather strip even before assembly of the sash elements takes place. This opens up new possibilities in the way of a factory-installed weather stripping in knockdown sash elements, ready for shipping to and assembly at, a distant point close to the, place of use. A l

-Iclaim: A window sash comprising a stile and rail adapted for interconnection in right angular relation, a pair of tenons in spaced edge to edge relation: extending from one end of the rail with a, socket between the tenons extending into the rail adjacent the base of the tenons and of a diameter to extend from one tenon to the other, the stile being formed therethroughwith a mortise and .a slot, the latter being open upon one end of the stile. and the mortise and slot being 'separatedrrom each other a distance equal to the spacing between the two tenonsand each being sized to closely receive one tenonwhen the rail is-assembled with th stile, a shoulder section projecting from the stile face proximate to the rail and of alength to fit the space between the tenons and projecting into said socket and closely engaging-opposite walls thereof and'providing enhanced resistance to relative movement between the rail and. stile. I

J PAUL L. ADAMS. 

